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Hong Kong Cloud Server
1.
What are the basic concepts behind Hong Kong direct connection to CN2 VPS and bandwidth billing?
• A Hong Kong direct connection to CN2 VPS refers to a VPS located in a Hong Kong data center that is directly connected to the Chinese mainland via China Telecom’s CN2 backbone network, resulting in lower latency.• Bandwidth billing is typically available in three options: based on bandwidth (in Mbps per month), based on data volume (charged by GB), or based on the 95th percentile of traffic usage.
• Billed by bandwidth: The monthly rent is fixed, but peak usage can be variable depending on whether the provider imposes any restrictions on such usage.
• Pay-per-use billing: The free bandwidth limit is low, and any excess usage is charged per GB. This option is suitable for scenarios where the distribution of visitors is stable and the total traffic is predictable.
• Before making a selection, please confirm the billing cycle, settlement method (inbound/outbound direction), and whether CDN origin-pull traffic is included.
2.
Detailed Explanation of Common Billing Methods and Specific Data Demonstrations
• Example of billing based on bandwidth usage: The monthly rent for a 100Mbps dedicated line is 380 yuan, which includes unlimited data usage, with a guaranteed bandwidth of 100Mbps.• Example of billing based on data usage: You get 50GB of free data per month, and any excess usage is charged at 0.5 CNY per GB.
• Example of peak billing at 95%: Flow samples are taken every 5 minutes, and the highest 5% of these samples are removed on a monthly basis. The peak value remaining is then used as the basis for billing.
• Digital presentation: If the peak usage on the 9th of the month is 60 Mbps, then the cost for that month is calculated by multiplying 60 Mbps by the applicable rate.
• Attention: Different providers use different measurement criteria for “inbound/outbound” traffic; it is necessary to clarify the definition of “outbound billing” in the contract.
3.
Explanation of traffic limits, excess handling, and billing criteria
• Measurement range: In most cases in Hong Kong, billing is based on outbound traffic; only the outgoing traffic generated by users from the Chinese mainland is subject to charging.• Free data usage: Some products are labeled as “data usage included,” but this applies only to domestic/international return traffic or solely to CDN origin pulls.
• Overcharging: Common billing methods include charging based on GB or using a tiered bandwidth pricing scheme. Example:: For amounts exceeding this limit, the cost ranges from 0.4 to 1.0 yuan per GB.
• Traffic Throttling/Limiting: Speeds may be reduced or accounts may be temporarily suspended after exceeding a certain threshold; details are specified in the SLA terms.
• Measuring tools: Carriers typically rely on SNMP/traffic counters of border routers; third-party monitoring systems require calibration and comparison in this regard.
4.
Comparative example table (centered, bordered, with content centered)
| Plan | Bandwidth | Includes data usage | Monthly price (CNY) | Overcharging |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Option A | 100Mbps dedicated line | Unlimited (guaranteed 100Mbps) | 380 | No data charges based on bandwidth usage |
| Option B | 50Mbps | 2TB/month | 220 | Exceeding 0.6 RMB/GB |
| Option C (pay-per-use) | Shared bandwidth | 50GB/month | 80 | 0.5 yuan per GB |
• The actual prices and terms shall be subject to the supplier’s contract.
• If the normal traffic volume is higher than the included amount, it is usually more cost-effective to choose the bandwidth-based option.
• If the traffic fluctuations are large and the peak periods are short-lived, 95th percentile billing may be more economical.
• Be sure to ask before purchasing whether there are any hidden charges for round-trip traffic or CDN origin-pull traffic.
5.
Real-life cases: Unrecognized origin-pull requests resulted in high billing costs
• Case context: A certain e-commerce company in Shenzhen deployed new marketing materials during Double 11 but failed to configure the CDN origin-pull settings correctly, resulting in a large number of requests being directed back to the original servers Hong Kong VPS …• Result: This VPS is billed on a pay-as-you-go basis. The additional traffic for originating requests amounts to approximately 2.4 TB. If this amount exceeds the allocated limit, the monthly bill will incur an additional charge of approximately 2.4 TB × 0.6 CNY = 1440 CNY.
• Technical reasons: If static caching is not enabled for CDN origin pulling or no caching rules are set, all requests will directly go back to the origin server.
• Remedial actions: Urgently optimize the caching strategy, deploy static resources via CDN, and temporarily increase the bandwidth guarantees with the service provider.
• Lesson: Before making a purchase, it is necessary to simulate peak traffic levels and enable alerts as well as traffic quota restrictions to avoid any potential gaps in the contractual terms.
6.
Purchase recommendations and protection strategies (including examples of server configurations)
• Requirement assessment: Estimate peak values and distinguish between normal traffic and burst traffic. Choose whether to base the billing on bandwidth or on data volume, depending on the specific scenario.• Monitoring and alerts: Implement traffic monitoring tools such as Prometheus + Grafana, or use operator alerts to set up automatic email/SMS notifications when thresholds are exceeded.
• DDoS Protection: It is preferred to include basic DDoS mitigation measures such as 5–20 Gbps of protection; cloud-based scrubbing services or third-party solutions can be utilized when necessary.
• Example of server configuration: VPS Example A: 4 vCPU / 8GB RAM / 160GB NVMe / 100Mbps CN2 dedicated line, suitable for mid-volume e-commerce businesses.
• Cost control: Use a CDN to distribute static traffic, enable caching rules, and purchase elastic bandwidth or data packages as needed to reduce costs.
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